Hemorrhoids: Causes, symptoms, treatment

No such person has never heard of the term "hemorrhoids".Everyone is not lazy to use it, even those who have nothing to do with the drug.

The word "hemorrhoids" itself comes from two Greek words -“haem”("Blood") and“Rhoos”("bleed").

This concept is ambiguous, because not every bleeding is the result of hemorrhoids and does not always cause blood.In this case, the concept of “hemorrhoid node” applies to the broader concept of “hemorrhoids” – swelling, and bloating occurs during the garbage process.

Description of the problem

Hemorrhoids are a special anal formation located below the rectum.Structurally, they are plexuses of venous blood vessels.They are located inside and outside the mucosa.From the locations of these strata, internal and external properties of hemorrhoids are divided.

These clumps themselves have a protective function: protect the rectum from urinary incontinence of fluid feces and gases, and also completely close the anal canal.According to statistics, 20% of adults suffer from this disease.It is this disease that causes the disease.

This helps the disease develop and develop

There is only one park for hemorrhoids.If you are physically heavy or have a prolonged exercise, these ligaments may be torn.If the integrity of the ligament is violated, the hemorrhoids are overflowed by blood.The result is their losses and bleeding.

Vienna provides normal blood out of the mucosa and is squeezed.The blood began to stagnate.

Factors that cause the development of hemorrhoids

This is not the case with pathology itself.It occurs and development is affected by several factors:

1. Genetic factors (in hemorrhoid lymph nodes and veins, no valve effusions).
2. The pressure in the vein increases.
3. In the trolley working in the intestine (constipation, diarrhea), visit the toilet frequently.
4. Pregnancy, childbirth, and enhancement of disease clinics.
5. A sedentary lifestyle, standing for a long time.
6. Some sports and professional.
7. Nutritional characteristics (alcohol, spicy food).But this helps intensify rather than develop.

Notice!Even in the presence of bleeding from the anal canal, the manifestations of hemorrhoids cannot be discussed.To confirm the diagnosis, the rectum must be analyzed and examined:

• Colonoscopy.
• cool down.
• Departmental Scope.

Inflammation and malignant formation of the intestine may cause bleeding and lymph nodes.

Hemorrhoids: Symptoms and classifications

The location of the node:

• outside.
• Internal.
• mix.

First view- Expansion of the venous container located below the rectal gear line.This species is characterized by edema, which is rectal discomfort.Using this type of pathology, severe pain was characterized.

Second view- The hemorrhoids themselves are located below the line.Hemorrhoids are divided into degrees 1, 2, 3 and 4 (the severity of the disease depends on the severity of the node).Another is acute and chronic hemorrhoids caused by one disease.

Chronic hemorrhoids

Clinical pictures:

• Release blood from the anus regularly.
• There is a loss of plexus in the mucosa.
• Itching and burning in the anus.
• Exit from the rectum.

Symptoms of chronic hemorrhoids

Intestinal bleeding

This is the most common symptom of the disease that occurs in 10% of patients.According to statistics, the most common thing is when the intestine is empty.The performance may be strong, not very strong, and is incidental in nature.The color of the emission is scarlet, in the form of "spray" (ranspellent occurs), or - at the end of the drain (in the form of drops).If the blood remains after the previous anus is empty, then the next one will have darkness or clusters.

70-80% of hemorrhoid cases show.Constipation and diarrhea, drinking alcohol, spicy foods and a lot of physical fatigue, and bleeding.The result is anemia.

The signs of anal bleeding are not always a sign of this disease.It can occur in other intestinal diseases.If it happens to people over 40-45, you must consult a doctor.Similarly, if you are oncologist-oriented, you need to see a doctor.

For which diseases can cause bleeding:

• Diverticulase in the colon.
• Crohn's disease.
• Malignant tumors of the rectum.
• Polyps in the intestine.

If you notice discharge from the anus, consult your guardian and perform necessary examinations for direct and large intestine.

Prominence of the venous plexus

This symptom has occurred in the stage of a long-term disease.First, it occurs in the destruction of the intestines.In addition, the symptoms showed ransomware.If the pathology is acute, you don’t have to work hard and fall off.Set independently in 2 stages.During the 3 stages, they were adjusted as the tone of the anal muscles decreased.They completely shed in 4 stages.

Anal pain

Bleeding is not the only reason for the experts.This is not necessarily a hemorrhoid.Pain syndrome in the anus may occur in the acute stage of the disease.reason:

• constipate.
• Go to the bathroom frequently.
• Anal crack.
• End of node disease.

If treatment is not properly treated, the anal fissure will enter a chronic phase.

Intestinal discharge

The properties excreted in this disease are water-based or mucus-based.Caused by the onset loss of the node.Bleeding, please be aware of mucus secretions.Most commonly, when the nodes or mucosa falls.Other causes are tumors (villi polyps, tumors).

Anal itching

These symptoms, such as itching in the anus and anal discomfort, develop colon dysfunction.Usually, they occur later in the disease.

Classification

Issue 1- The venous plexus will not fall off.The scarlet color of the released blood.

Period 2- The dropped nodes adjust themselves (with or without blood release).

Period 3- The nodes will fall plotly and get better manually.

Issue 4- The newspapers and mucous membranes of the rectum are constantly falling.Reducing manual is impossible.

Acute hemorrhoids

It usually worsens during the chronic phase.The most common manifestations:

• The external node where thrombosis occurs.
• Protrusion of the inner bolt clump.

If thrombosis occurs, the nodes will be compacted and increased.Severe pain syndrome occurs in open anus.

Treatment of acute hemorrhoids

During the thrombosis phase, thrombectomy is possible (removing the thrombus lymph nodes and removing the thrombus).The procedure was performed under local anesthesia.Duration - a few minutes.After the operation, the pain began to relieve immediately.

When internal hemorrhoid lymph nodes fall, swelling and inflammation will occur.Surgical intervention is prohibited due to possible complications.treat:

• Use ointment and candles.
• pill.

If you notice performance in time, the duration of the acute phase is reduced to one week.If the pathology is not treated for a long time, purulent inflammation may occur.

3 stages of the disease during the acute course

1. Blood clots appear in the internal and external venous plexus.No inflammation.
2. Blood clots in the lymph nodes exist and inflammation exists.
3. In the context of the above signs, inflammation in the subcutaneous tissue will appear.Complications occur - bleeding, suppurative inflammation.

How to treat hemorrhoids in the chronic stage

Hemorrhoids are a serious, unpleasant but reference disease.There are enough treatments to eliminate it.The treatment system is constantly improving.There is no doubt about each approach, its pros and cons.They are used according to the stage.The following factors can affect the use of a specific method:

• The course of the disease.
• The nature of discharge.
• The age of the patient.
• The frequency of bleeding.

The difficulty is that many methods are based on the same signs of treatment and choosing the best method becomes difficult.In this case, you must combine the necessary methods.According to the classification, three types of treatment methods are distinguished:

1. Conservative.
2. Small invasive.
3. operate.

Grade 1 hemorrhoids

Loss of whether bleeding releases lymph nodes:

• Mandatory normalization of nutrition (high fiber ratio).
• Take medications to reduce inflammation and venous swelling.
• Rectal candle, a ointment for exacerbating external uses.

Hemorrhoids of degree II

Self-delete affected nodes:

• Use latex rings to fix the hemorrhoid nodes.
• Introduce hardeners.
• The ligation of the arteries brings blood to the inflamed lymph nodes.
• Electrocondensation.
• Cut off external and internal nodes.

Hemorrhoids of degree III

Reduce manual:

• Use a latex ring.
• Sclerotherapy.
• Arterial landing.
• Electrocondensation.
• resection.

Vein hemorrhoids degree

The impossible reduction of nodes:Use special equipment to remove inflamed nodes.

The stage of hemorrhoid development

Not every method is suitable for treating hemorrhoids in one or another.The final solution affects the exact correlation between the external and internal plexuses.If the pathology prevails the node - inside, it can be performed without surgery.These methods are as described above.

The patient needs a complete examination before the final diagnosis is made.The first thing to do is to check the rectum and the large intestine.First, this applies to patients over the age of 45 and has a hereditary oncology susceptibility, as hemorrhoids may be accompanied by disease:

• Malignant tumors of the rectum.
• polyp.

Likewise, the symptoms (or rather the extent of their severity), the size and context of the nodes can affect the choice of a particular treatment.

Due to the weak severity of the symptoms and the rare loss, it is best to choose conservative treatment.The first thing it targets is the correction of nutrition during intestinal emptying, eliminating constipation and stress.The diet should contain enough water, as constipation usually results in the lack of fluid, which is why the intestine is forced to absorb it from the feces.

To facilitate this, the following situations are important:

• The main ingredient in the diet is fiber.
• Periodic laxative intake.
• Phlebotropes are appointed to the patient.

Conservative treatment is mainly used in the acute exacerbation of the disease.Other treatments are contraindicated.If the disease is in the first and second stages, other methods are also contraindicated.What are included in conservative treatment:

• Special diet.
• poison.
• Rectal candles, ointments.
• Alveolar medicine.

Each patient is prescribed by diet.The main goal is to normalize the chair.Generally, one of the main causes is constipation or diarrhea.Diets for this disease are absolutely forbidden:

• Sharp.
• Salt.
• bake.
• Alcohol.

A diary means other exams.This is the result of a test that affects diet and treatment correction.If the patient is prone to constipation, he is recommended to take a special diet.A list of products and other nuances can be viewed in a special section.To produce laxatives, it is recommended:

• Dried apricots.
• Plum.
• Dried apricots.
• As shown in the picture.

If your diet does not eliminate stagnation in the intestine, start using laxatives.Now, it's not difficult to find them: just go to any pharmacy to ask.Don't bring it yourself.The dosage and brand of this drug depends on the following factors:

• Individual characteristics of the body.
• Accompanied by disease.
• age.
• The doctor's decision.

Before prescribing, the doctor prescribed 1 tablespoon for the patient.l.Vaseline oil (2-3 times a day).

The basis of pathological treatment

However, it is worth remembering that no ointment and other medications can completely save you from problems.They only temporarily eliminate symptoms, and no longer eliminate symptoms.If the venous plexus drops regularly, conservative treatment will be ineffective: here only free radical treatments will help.

Similarly, certain factors are considered when prescribing dosage forms of medications.For example, rectal candles are not suitable for patients with obvious pain syndrome.In this case, an ointment is desirable.In some cases, combinations are acceptable.

Since it is very large, there is no need to make a full list of drugs for this pathology.The defining factors are the personal characteristics of the body and the patient's personal complaints.

What affects the choice of ointment or candle:

• Acute hemorrhoids and thrombosis.
• inflammation.

At the same time, anesthetics and anti-inflammatory drugs were prescribed to relieve edema.Because they contain hormones and anti-inflammatory non-corticoids, it is necessary to use such drugs for a certain period of time.

The use of intravenous blood is a prerequisite for medication.

Small invasive treatment

Sclerotherapy

This is a method of introducing a special solution into the area of the hemorrhoid lymph nodes - a sclerotic agent.With proper administration, manipulation does not cause pain.No local anesthesia is used.The duration is not more than 10 minutes.No hospitalization is required.Once the program is completed, you can continue to live the same lifestyle.During the two days of anal, you may feel uncomfortable.This method is used in pathology of the chronic phase (releases blood, plexus does not protrude).Because the operation is very complicated, this method is rarely used and mucosal necrosis is possible with the correct administration of the drug.Typically, the period of calm after manipulation is about 3-7 years.

Infrared blood coagulation

Methods if radiation works in an inflamed area.With it, the hemorrhoid tissue begins to die gradually.After manipulation, you can live your previous lifestyle.Two days may feel painful.The AI method is used in stages 1 and 2 of the pathology, where the size of the site is small.The period of calm is 3-7 years without serious complications.

Fixed with latex rings

This process is the most common of all other methods.Her advantages:

• low cost.
• A wide range of indications.
• Risk of lack of complications.

The bottom line is the area where the latex ring is applied to the site.This is done using ligaments.Due to the pressure of the ring, he began to die and refused.Fast manipulation during execution (3-5 minutes), is actually painless.Once you're done, you can live your previous lifestyle.Two days may feel painful.The connection method is shown in stages 1-3 of the pathology.There are almost no complications.Sometimes, the ring will bleed when it leaves.Subtraction of the process - delete only 1 site for 1 session, only a few weeks later to do the following.

Landing artery

The proximal connection method allows you to find the location of all arteries that supply the inflamed area and bandage.In this method, local anesthesia is used.Execute the program with the partition of the knot.The inflamed area disappears due to arterial dressing.The duration of the process is about half an hour.Few pains were observed.Pain may increase within two days and the temperature rises.You can live the same lifestyle.This method is used in all stages of pathology.

advantage:

• Lack of wipe tissue.
• Reduce recovery period.
• Processed once.
• Longer calm (5 - 10 years).

shortcoming:

1. The process is longer than other programs.
2. pain.
3. High cost.

Surgical intervention

Milligan-Morgan's operation

This surgical intervention involves the removal of external and internal swelling and subsequent dressing.Applied to all stages of the disease.Subtle differences:

• General anesthesia.
• 3-5 hospitalizations are required every day.
• Performance reduction within 10-15 days.
• Long-term recovery period - approximately 1 month.
• The duration of the manipulation is about half an hour.

The advantage is that this is the only fundamental treatment.The cooling-off period is as long as 12 years and recurs repeatedly in only 15-30% of cases.Feeling painful for 2-4 days.We need an analgesic.The recovery period is long and the occurrence of scars and the tone of the anal sphincter is reduced.

Professor Lango

This method involves truncating the mucosa of the rectum.It is done using a special stapler.These areas lose the possibility of protrusion and reduce blood flow.It manifests in all stages through pathology.Subtle differences:

• General anesthesia.
• Stayed in the hospital for 2-4 days.
• The recovery period is 3-5 days.

The advantages of this surgery are similar to hemorrhoids, with minimal pain severity.Recover quickly without complications.Subtract high costs (due to the use of staplers).

in conclusion

The methods described in this article are not the only treatment for hemorrhoids.Cryotherapy is also used.But this method is not so common, because the anus discharges incontinence and therefore the uncontrolled exposure depth.

The patient has the right to decide whether to see a doctor.Of course, because frequent release of blood can lead to anemia, it is worth paying attention to the frequency of bleeding and pain.Otherwise, hemorrhoids will not be life-threatening.But it is worth warning that the sooner you consult a doctor, the better.Therefore, you will avoid more radical treatments and improve your life.

Remember that only one supervisory doctor can help with this problem.If you notice the following sign:

• Periodic anal bleeding.
• Itching and burning in the anus.
• Feelings of discomfort and pain - Contact the guardian now!In any case, don't intervene!